Journal vol.1 no.1 abstract2 of The Japan Health Care Dental Association

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The Journal of The Japan Health Care Dental Association

The Journal of The Japan Health Care Dental Association Vol.1 No.1, 1999
abstract

Correlations between Periodontal Profile of the New Patients and Smoking

Takashi Kumagai et al.

An investigation of smoking habits was conducted among the patients in the periodontal maintenance period and the new patients. The 1616 individuals of 10 - 84 years old who made the first visit at Hiyoshi Dental Clinic (Sakata City) during the period of 10, 1980 to 10, 1998 and 973 patients of 10 - 84 years old who visited the clinic for maintenance (periodontal maintenance therapy) during the same period were examined. As for smoking habits, there is a report that the amount of smoking accumulation affects health greatly. Therefore, the number of cumulative cigarettes was calculated by [ (number of cigarettes per day) x (years of smoking)] and the obtained figures were classified in 4 levels.

Also depending upon the bone absorption degree observed radiographically, the progress level of periodontal disease of each tooth was divided into 4 classes, respectively. The patient's clinical stage of periodontal disease was determined by the average degree of his/her whole teeth. The other factors including clinical probing depth, the number of lost teeth, and effectiveness of maintenance were examined in relation with smoking habits.

Consequently, the ratio of smoker in men reached 60% in almost all age groups, while in women more smokers were found in younger age group. Also especially in patients over 30 years old, there were significant differences on the progress level of periodontal disease between smokers and non-smokers. In this research the ratio of smoker in men was very high, and it was clearly indicated that smoking was one of the risk factors of periodontal disease, particularly in men.

Recently a number of studies proved that smoking could become a risk factor of periodontal disease. However, it has not become popular yet that a dental clinic tackles on smoking issue in part of its clinical practices through risk diagnosis or prevention and treatment of periodontal disease. For the preventive treatment of periodontal disease in dental clinic, it is an urgent matter to make clear clinical effectiveness by improving smoking habits in periodontal supportive therapy. Therefore, knowing patient's actual smoking habits and utilizing that information into risk diagnosis of periodontal disease have become more important than ever.

J Health Care Dent 1999; 1: 13-25.

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